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11 golden rules for virtualisation

Posted on 5 Aug 2010 at 16:34

Steve Cassidy distils wisdom based on years of virtualisation into 11 simple rules

Virtualisation has many benefits, but there are also many hurdles to making your system work smoothly - the jargon alone can be confusing.

Here's our top 11 tips to help you make the right decisions for your virtualistion project.

1) It isn’t just about the box

Virtualisation projects pay back by reducing power bills and server purchase budgets. The latter is easy to demonstrate; the former requires some distinctly non-computing work.

To really see the benefit, you have to be able to compare hosting rack-space invoices, or monthly electricity bills, or stand in the blast of the cooling fans – it’s very difficult to translate the massive efficiency improvements into something tangible. The most basic fat-plug current meter can form the basis of a good solid demo for that disbelieving finance director, standing in the server room watching you start up the old boat-anchors and chalking up their power draw on the wall.

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Thinking about your project in these terms also helps to understand the logic behind the management and monitoring tools (the stuff you have to pay for). It can seem almost incomprehensible to look at the “MHz Used” bar chart in vSphere 4 if you haven’t started by working through from the electricity meter, through to the old servers, and then on to the new virtual host.

2) Find your tribe

Are you top-down? Bottom-up? Custom-build or preservation order? Linux or Windows? Server or desktop?

The variety of ways in which virtualisation projects can be distinguished is confusing mainly because the design of the tools fit into a much wider philosophy of process – and if you’re comfortable with one way of passing through a virtualisation project, that’s probably the strongest determinant of the hypervisor, method and toolbox suite you should plump for.

Jargon buster

Hypervisor: The piece of software that provides an environment in which guest virtual machines can run. Not terribly large as software goes, but very complex indeed.

Bottom up: Taking the software installs, and going through them inside a hypervisor to make a new instance.

Top up: Taking a running physical server and converting it into a virtual copy.

Note that the real trouble begins when the lead techie in a business comes from the “Linux, top-down, hot-swap” tribe, when the business itself actually needs a “Windows, bottom-up, build to last” deployment. And yes, we’ll be using other rules here to help you reach that decision.

3) Prototype like crazy

Irrespective of which tribe you’re in, and no matter what the forums may tell you, the “hole in one” virtualisation (where your first try comes up hale and hearty and runs for the next decade untouched) is limited to a very narrow range of candidate networks and servers. Think Exchange 2003 and earlier versions – and that’s about it.

This means building up a single-user machine able to present your virtual server or collection of servers away from your live network, so you get some idea of what’s going to happen when you push that button.

This in turn means being familiar with the product ranges of the hypervisor maker you’re choosing – are you about to test an eight-core VM on a workstation version of the hypervisor that will present only two cores?

It can be possible to prototype on production servers alongside live running processes – VMware Server for Windows pretty much made its reputation this way, for good or ill – but the consequences of getting this a bit wrong are considerable.

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User comments

The 12th Golden Rule

This was a very interesting article, however I think there is a very important first step that was missed out which is to discover, map and create an inventory of your network resources first.

A layer 2/3 discovery tool, such as WhatsUp WhatsConnected, will identify not only the physical server that you have deployed in your environment, but how everything is connected down to the individual port. This process is actually an eye opener for many organisations, because you can discover pieces of unaccounted hardware, or even inter-device connections that you didn’t even know they were there.

Once you have a hardware inventory in place, you can use it to document your network for auditing purposes or simply to try to reduce costs by repurposing or moving to the cloud underutilised resources. And since networks are “living entities”, don’t forget to re-run your discovery on a periodic basis (more frequently if you are part of a larger organisations, or if you have distributed network locations) and export this information into other tools such as Visio or Excel for continuous use throughout your organisation.

By Ipswitch_WUG on 6 Aug 2010

@Ipswitch_WUG

Thanks for the advert!

By milliganp on 9 Aug 2010

Very Poor Show chaps

If you have a product to advertise then advertise it, or propose that we do a proper comparative review. Don't stick an irrelevant comment on an unrelated piece of coverage: it makes you and your product look like unsolicited Chinese spam artists, and most likely does more damage than benefit. Talking about inventory in response to an article on virtualisation is a monumental non sequitur; I don't need to inventory my whole network before I virtualise my lone Exchange Server. By all means, mail me a link to an eval copy of your inventory product and I'll give it a look-over.

By Steve_Cassidy on 9 Aug 2010

It is recommended practice to inventory all your servers that are to be virtualised. If it's a lone server then not much point (in either performing an inventory or virtualising it) but when you're virtualising 20+ you need to get an idea of resources required, lun sizing, bandwidth, the list goes on... only saying this because if I did a proper inventory to start with then I wouldn't of had to rebuild my luns due to iSCSI disk latency.

However... you don't need software to do an inventory. Just a count of servers, services provided, how many users they serve and factor in room for growth.

Not much but still a valid step.

By JmLing on 9 Aug 2010

That would be why I suggested that people prototype their setup. You also mention "LUNs", which means you are in iSCSI world. That's two orders of magnitude larger than the target I have in mind for these rules. At the small scale, I'd be really quite scared if someone needed to run an inventory - that means they are not familiar enough with the pre-virtualisation machine to evaluate what their prototype delivers.

By Steve_Cassidy on 9 Aug 2010

Alternate 12th Rule

Perhaps a better alternate 12th rule is don't keep puting Virtualisation off!
Alternately virtualise all NEW machines, even if it's at very low (even 1:1) ratios. Virtalised machines are much easier to resize, move or repurpose than physical machines -and you're not increasing the future need for p2v.

By milliganp on 12 Aug 2010

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