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Analysis

Is the CPU dead?

Posted on 10 Mar 2010 at 08:55

Darien Graham-Smith discovers why the CPU could become a bit-part player in the future of computing

As Intel rolls out its 32nm processors codenamed Westmere – employing the most compact and efficient processor cores ever created – you might think we’ve reached the pinnacle of computing technology. Certainly, Intel presents its new CPUs as the very heart of next-generation PC systems.

However, not everyone agrees. While Intel is touting Westmere, Nvidia is gearing up to launch new graphics hardware, codenamed Fermi, promising not only to deliver next-generation visuals but also to rival – and even shame – the computational power of the conventional CPU.

On the face of it, that sounds absurdly ambitious. But the company has persuasive technical arguments on its side, demonstrating how the power of a GPU can now be used for much more than gaming. Could 2010 be the year in which the CPU is overshadowed by graphics hardware?

Stand back CPU

The immensely powerful CPUs typically found in modern PCs simply aren’t necessary for the majority of office and internet applications. Yes, if you want to crunch a huge database of numbers, or edit high-definition video, a fast CPU will help. But the rise of the netbook demonstrates that for many everyday tasks a processor as cheap and simple as the Intel Atom is perfectly adequate.

All the same, Atom-based netbooks typically fail to satisfy when it comes to visuals. They lack the processing power to decode and display high-resolution media files, and modern games are out of the question.

The immensely powerful CPUs typically found in modern PCs simply aren’t necessary for the majority of office and internet applications

Nvidia believes you can get the best of both worlds by partnering a lightweight Atom with a discrete GPU that specialises in these specific tasks – in March 2009, it launched just such a hybrid platform under the name Ion. “Ion translates to smooth HD video [on an Atom system], including streaming video from YouTube or Hulu, with Flash 10.1, and support for popular games like The Sims and World of Warcraft,” claims marketing manager Ben Berraondo.

And here at PC Pro we’ve been impressed by the graphical capabilities of low-power Ion-based systems, including the recommended Samsung N510 netbook and the Asus Eee Box EB1501 nettop.

In the future, it’s easy to imagine that in this segment of the market the CPU might become almost irrelevant, with graphics hardware providing a more significant differentiation between models.

The general-purpose GPU

This, however, is only one part of the story. If a GPU can help out a CPU by decoding video and rendering 3D scenes, there’s no reason why its processing abilities can’t be turned to other purposes as well.

The concept of using a graphics processor for non-graphical calculations is known as general-purpose GPU computing (GPGPU), or just GPU computing.

And it makes a lot of sense. Intel’s top of the line Core i7 processor presents eight execution cores to the operating system (four of which are virtual cores simulated via Hyper-Threading), while a cheap £30 graphics card offers ten times as many processing units – each one drawing a fraction of the power consumed by a CPU core.

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User comments

They've Got a Point

I've never recommended upgrading the CPU in any slow machine I've ever came across in 100s of PC repairs.

Usually it's too little RAM, low hard drive space, poor configuration or poor graphics card that causes a bottle neck.

By john_coller on 10 Mar 2010

PcPRONvidia!

"a new range of graphics cards based on its innovative Fermi architecture" which would be the Fermi architecture that's 6 months late and given no one -that's NO ONE,- outside Nvidia has seen it, absolutely no one can say it is innovative, except a Nvidia rep, of course!

Just how much was PcPRO paid to publish this Nvidia ad???

By fingerbob69 on 10 Mar 2010

@fingerbob69 - I imagine the pro-intel stuff on pages two & three, was when the Nvidia advertising money ran out ;)

Overall a good article, but seeing that Cuda has been around for a while now, and its only applications seem to be video encoding and folding@home, maybe the CPU will be around for a while yet.

Also, surprised that no mention was made of Intel integrating GPUs onto some of its core i3/i5 processors. Perhaps convergence is the next step, rather then one or the other reigning supreme?

By pbryanw on 10 Mar 2010

Progression

There will always be change in technology that will lead to alterations in the way things are done.

Not so long ago the CPU was not good at mathematics and a Co-Processor run alongside it. The Co-Processors are now inside the CPU... and nobody really worried about the change.

The CPU meeting the GPU is not much different.

In the 70's and 80's [because only one calculation could be executed at a time] the horizon was "Transputers" where multiple calculations could be carried out at the same time. (We still are searching for perfection).

And on the horizon now is computation using lazer light and mirrors with the and an intention to build Quantum Computers.

At the end of the day what matters is that we get tasks completed correctly and speedily.

By lenmontieth on 10 Mar 2010

And another thing...

If you doubt the shocking bias of this article, consider the following:

"Move up to the high end and you find cards such as the Nvidia GTX 295 integrating a massive 480 cores"

The top end card at the moment, the one that puts the GTX295 in the shade, draws less power and has such modern innovations such as DX11 is the ATI 5970. Any feature writer worth his fee, in giving an example of something that is top end and of the now, would not quote as an example something that is last year's spec! Not least in a supposedly IMPARTIAL tech savvy magazine like PcPRO operating in an industry where last week's spec can be regarded as obsolete, let alone stuff that's over eight months old!

And pbrianw points out one helluva omission, a big pink elephant in the room. Intel's latest i3-530 cpu which brings the gpu to the cpu and is an example of the exact opposite happening to the point the article is making, in the real world, in 2010.

If PcPRO had any self respect, they would pull this shabby, shockingly biased and just poorly informed article forthwith.

By fingerbob69 on 10 Mar 2010

Future of netbooks is not ion it should be combined CPU-GPU=APU

What netbooks need is APU (Accelerated Processing Unit) that CPU and GPU on the same silicon. This means everything said about ion above + decrease in weight + less space + increased battery power which sums up = netbooks. That is idea and philosophy behind netbook. This article fails to realize this issue.

By HopeLESS on 12 Mar 2010

Something fishy here

So three pages about CPU & GPU, and barely 2 or 3 mentions about AMD, who have both solutions? Only one quote from an AMD rep? AMD is arguably producing the ultimate CPU vs. GPU solution, something which is a both a full x86 CPU and a full GPU, called Fusion, but that doesn't warrant a mention?

By bbbl67 on 18 Mar 2010

convergence

Without wishing to upset all of the Intel/AMD/Nvidia and every other CPU or GPU manufacturers out there (Yes that still includes you Matrox) I believe that the CPU and the GPU will converge to one general purpose chip in the near future that can schedule out processing and graphics tasks as it sees fit.This will be thumbnail sized and fit on a motherboard the size of a CD case.There that should make all of the fanboys happy what ever their alliance !

By Jaberwocky on 21 Mar 2010

Convergence - a blast from the past....

Multi-cpus on a single chip, with fast inter-cpu links = transputers.

ARM's approach of providing a customisable "core" may well be the way forward. It certainly works for low-powered, efficient devices....

By wittgenfrog on 14 Apr 2010

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For more details about purchasing this feature and/or images for editorial usage, please contact Jasmine Samra on pictures@dennis.co.uk

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