Why bother with 64-bit Windows?
Posted on 7 Aug 2009 at 14:41
If your 32-bit OS came preinstalled on a PC you can try requesting 64-bit media from the manufacturer, but check the licensing terms - your product key will let you install either a 32-bit or 64-bit edition of Windows, but that doesn't necessarily mean you have a legal right to switch from one to the other.
And as a final hurdle, once you have the disc and are ready to make the leap, you'll find you can't simply upgrade an existing 32-bit system to a 64-bit edition. To move between processor architectures you must perform a clean installation, and then reinstall all apps and drivers.
For all these reasons, the easiest way to move to 64-bit Windows is simply to buy a new PC with a 64-bit version of the OS preinstalled. Here at PC Pro we're seeing an increasing proportion of systems arriving with 64-bit editions of Vista, and we expect the launch of Windows 7 will accelerate that trend.
Compatibility issues
Most CPUs manufactured by AMD and Intel over the past four years are 64-bit compatible, but if you plan to upgrade it's worth checking. You can easily do this online: if your CPU supports either "AMD64" or "Intel 64", it's compatible with 64-bit Windows. You can also check from within Windows Vista: in the Control Panel, go to the Performance Information and Tools display. Click View and print detailed performance and system information. You'll see a technical breakdown of your system that details, among other things, whether your processor is 64-bit capable.
A second factor to consider is compatibility with hardware devices. 32-bit device drivers won't work in 64-bit Windows, so if you want to keep your existing peripherals and components you'll need to find 64-bit-specific drivers. That shouldn't be a problem for devices manufactured over the past few years, but for older hardware check the manufacturer's website.
Remember that Windows 7 can normally use Vista drivers - so even if a particular gadget lacks drivers specific to the new OS, it may still be usable.
Another piece of good news is that you don't need to worry too much about application compatibility. Almost all modern 32-bit software should install and run flawlessly on a 64-bit edition of Windows. The only exceptions you're likely to encounter are programs that try to hook into the system at a low level - such as 32-bit antivirus software or plugins for video-editing packages - and the odd badly written hobbyist program.
It's also worth noting that 16-bit apps (such as old DOS games) aren't supported in 64-bit Windows, but there are third-party tools, such as the free DOSBox x86 emulator, to help keep very old software running.
The inherent benefits of 64-bit
So to the big question: why upgrade to 64-bit at all? Simply put, a 64-bit operating system offers three inherent benefits. The first is that 64-bit applications can, theoretically, run more quickly than their 32-bit counterparts - after all, the CPU can process twice as many bits in a single operation.
64-bit processing also offers better native mathematical precision: a 64-bit binary value can represent a decimal value to around 14 significant digits, while 32 bits can represent only around seven digits. If a 32-bit application needs 64-bit accuracy it must spread a "double-precision" value across two CPU registers - which, depending on the operation, can be less efficient and slower to work with.
In practice, though, neither of these technical benefits is likely to have a dramatic effect on your everyday computing. That's partly because they're only likely to give a noticeable speed boost in a few specialist scenarios that rely heavily on certain types of mathematics. One application that typically benefits is complex cryptography, so if you regularly work with encrypted data, going 64-bit could improve performance.
From around the web
64 bit
I agree that it makes good sense that if one is going to be installing Windows 7 as a clean install then opting for 64 bit is the sensible choice. I have a couple of observations from having used 64 bit Vista for a couple of years:
Firstly memory; although Vista recognises the 8 GB of RAM that I have, the sidebar gaget that monitors memory use shows only 2 GB in use pretty much all the time.
Secondly, one of my biggest frustrations has been with Adobe Reader, which, even after all this time, still does not work with 64 bit Vista properly, in that the thumbnails and previews in explorer and Outlook do not work. I have 32 bit Vista at work and Reader works fine on that. I really hope Adobe can get its act together for Reader 10, perhaps to work properly on Win 7.
By perriss on 12 Aug 2009 ![]()
Adobe Reader
Get rid of this resource hungry app and use foxit reader it takes up less memory does exactly the same job and is also free to download
By littleb on 13 Aug 2009 ![]()
64-bit Drivers
I’ve been keen to switch to 64-bit, and I’ve had mixed experiences.
Testing Windows 7 Beta 64, I found the system very responsive (using 4GB RAM), but there are still too many unsupported devices/software for me to warrant moving to 64-bit –the issue, driver support!
For example I occasionally use music production software –the version I have won’t work on 64bit, and there are no 64 bit drivers for the MIDI/interface I use. I found a relatively small amount of applications and hardware ran into this problem, but it was still considerable enough for me to stay 32bit.
I’m now using Windows 7 RC 32, with (so far) no compatibility problems. Once manufacturers fully support 64bit, the time will be ripe to move.
By alexg400 on 18 Aug 2009 ![]()
On page 3 under "Extra RAM: the big 64-bit advantage"
it should read "2 to the power of 32 addresses (or 2^32 addresses" not 232 addresses.
By jbarnett on 19 Aug 2009 ![]()
windows 7 (7600)
Now that the retail version is out, there is no reason not to install it.
By jonhoneybull on 20 Aug 2009 ![]()
Jump on the bandwagon now or later
Duh, later. It'll be even cheaper. Unless 3.4GB is actually not enough for what you're doing right now then there's not a whole lot to force you to upgrade.
If you're performing the sort of high precision math that 64bit helps you'll know you are.
By steviesteveo on 24 Aug 2009 ![]()
Correction
Good spot jbarnett - error in transcription. Now corrected. Thanks.
Barry Collins
Online Editor
By Barry_Collins on 24 Aug 2009 ![]()
The article is misleading
The 32-bit limit on memory addressing is just that, a limit on the maximum the system can address in one go. You are able to buy 32bit windows server operating systems that can make use of more than 4GB of RAM for this reason. The total available memory limitation is due to the coding in windows. Maybe the article should reflect this.
By storm311 on 1 Sep 2009 ![]()
The article is misleading
The 32-bit limit on memory addressing is just that, a limit on the maximum the system can address in one go. You are able to buy 32bit windows server operating systems that can make use of more than 4GB of RAM for this reason. The total available memory limitation is due to the coding in windows. Maybe the article should reflect this.
By storm311 on 1 Sep 2009 ![]()
Double precision
There is no need to use a 64 bit OS or application to take advantage of double precision floating point. x86-64 CPUs support double and extended precision in both 32 and 64 bit mode.
Something that isn't mentioned is that like-for-like performance can actually decrease in some situations because of the larger cache footprint of 64 bit code.
By markh on 11 Sep 2009 ![]()
get your facts right
Firstly, NO 32bit operating system can utilise 4GB RAM, including Win7 32bit and 2008 Server R2!
Secondly, many programs perform about 20% faster using 64bit.
Thirdly, the number of programs that REQUIRE 64bit processing is rising.
Fourthly, the amount of RAM required to run Office 2007 is over 1GB and will rise with Office 2010, ditto for IE and most other applications. Win7 might use the same amount of RAM as Vista now, but after a couple of service packs it will probably use more, as was the case with every other operating system Microsoft produced. Why inflict a 3.2GB RAM limit on yourself?
By skgiven on 24 Sep 2009 ![]()
@skgiven: Yes, it is possible to utilise >3ish GB RAM on a 32 bit system, using techniques such as PAE. However, MS decided not to implement them on Vista (for backwards compatability reasons?), but I'm pretty sure some server OS's can address more than 3 GB despite being 32 bit.
By qwertyqwerty87 on 24 Sep 2009 ![]()
No guarantee it will work...
I have a decent motherboard that supports up to 8Gb RAM, and Vista 64, but when I upgraded from 2Gb to 4Gb RAM it will no longer boot. I also have a 32bit XP partition and ironically, that boots fine with 4Gb (although it only recognises 3.5Gb as expected). It seems I am not the only one with this issue, but there is no known Vista fix as yet. I am currently therefore using my PC with 3Gb, and with a brand new 1Gb stick of RAM helpfully sitting on the desk.
That said, I have had no other problems with the 64 bit version of Vista, so I would still opt for this over the 32bit version. In my case, I have kept my 32bit XP partition for only 2 reasons - my old scanner only has 32bit drivers and Crysis runs much better in XP.
By simonjm3 on 3 Oct 2009 ![]()
There is no matter for debates
Who still can use 32 bit - let him use it. It's true, that 32 bit systems still have more support with drivers and applications. It is VERY annoying, when you MUST move to 64 bit and have to say goodbye to such applications as VPN client SecuRemote of CheckPoint. It is rediculouse, that some Software makers do not care that sometime we can not more use 32.
The key /3GB is very limited in capability. Sometimes you can not fit simultaneously into limited address space both windows kernel and application job even with tricks of /userva=????.
I have several examlpes of CAD files from Parasolid and NX that even can not be opened by NX Unigraphics with the Error "Out of memory" in spite you still have plenty of unused RAM+Virtual. 64 bit let them be opened by the same application without any problems.
I reinstalled many of former 32 to 64 from scratch. System can not come usually if you use incompatible DIMM modules or BIOS is not upgraded (it was the issue of excellent Intel D955XBK motherboards that all series came with the old BIOS)
By Gennadii on 1 Nov 2009 ![]()
For more details about purchasing this feature and/or images for editorial usage, please contact Jasmine Samra on pictures@dennis.co.uk
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